An illustration of the COLEMNA microrobots on the lunar surface. (Image credit: UNAM/LINX)

A historic private moon mission launches early on Monday (Jan. 8), and flying aboard will be five tiny robots developed in collaboration by a team of 250 university students in Mexico.

Astrobiotic’s Peregrine Mission One will launch atop United Launch Alliance’s powerful new Vulcan Centaur rocket at 2:18 a.m. EST (0718 GMT) on Monday (Jan. 8) from Florida’s Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. Aboard will be Astrobiotic’s Peregrine lunar lander alongside commercial payloads and NASA-developed scientific experiments.

Also onboard will be the five “autonomous micro-robots,” as part of the COLEMNA Mission developed by the Laboratory of Special Instruments (LINX) at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM). These diminutive explorers measure just 4 inches (10 centimeters) in diameter and weigh 2 ounces (60 grams). The robots each feature onboard wheels, sensors and computers that will allow them to study the wispy atmosphere of the moon. On its website, LINX calls COLEMNA its “most ambitious mission.”

Once the Peregrine lander reaches the lunar surface, it will vent excess fuel and allow it to dissipate before deploying the larger rovers that it carries.

Once that is complete, the COLEMNA robots will be delivered to the surface of the moon via a tiny catapult that literally tosses them out onto the lunar regolith.

From there, the microbots will perform experiments to demonstrate the ability of autonomous robots to survive in the abrasive lunar regolith, which can damage many surfaces with which it comes into contact. According to LINX, the COLEMNA robots will “make it possible to analyze the feasibility of building structures on planetary surfaces using swarms of self-organizing robots.”

The tiny COLEMNA robots will be able to swarm together and even connect to one another in order form a larger solar array, according to Mexico Now.

Mexican politicians are already praising the mission and highlighting how it could help boost the country’s presence as a spacefaring nation. “COLMENA highlights all the values of the UNAM, and gives Mexican society a new way of seeing and understanding the modern world and the confidence that things are possible and that we can overcome our own limits,” said Hidalgo Governor Omar Fayad in a statement. “It will be a turning point and, when it happens […], all of Mexico’s children and youths will know about it. Maybe it will inspire the next astronaut or the leader of the next missions.”